Setup

Before you can start producing JSON:API you will have to set up your application by following the steps in this section.

Application

CakePHP needs to be told that JSON:API requests should be parsed as JSON.

To do this, the BodyParserMiddleware must be added to your application middleware queue, and a parser for the application/vnd.api+json mime-type must be added.

In your Application class’ middleware method, add the following.

$bodies = new BodyParserMiddleware();
$bodies->addParser(['application/vnd.api+json'], function ($body) {
    return json_decode($body, true);
});

$middlewareQueue->add($bodies);

Assuming you are using the default App Skeleton’s middleware queue, change it to.

public function middleware(MiddlewareQueue $middlewareQueue): MiddlewareQueue
{
    $bodies = new BodyParserMiddleware();
    $bodies->addParser(['application/vnd.api+json'], function ($body) {
        return json_decode($body, true);
    });

    $middlewareQueue
        // Catch any exceptions in the lower layers,
        // and make an error page/response
        ->add(new ErrorHandlerMiddleware(Configure::read('Error')))

        // Handle plugin/theme assets like CakePHP normally does.
        ->add(new AssetMiddleware([
            'cacheTime' => Configure::read('Asset.cacheTime'),
        ]))

        // Add routing middleware.
        // If you have a large number of routes connected, turning on routes
        // caching in production could improve performance. For that when
        // creating the middleware instance specify the cache config name by
        // using it's second constructor argument:
        // `new RoutingMiddleware($this, '_cake_routes_')`
        ->add(new RoutingMiddleware($this))

        // Parse various types of encoded request bodies so that they are
        // available as array through $request->getData()
        // https://book.cakephp.org/4/en/controllers/middleware.html#body-parser-middleware
        ->add($bodies);

    return $middlewareQueue;
}

Controller

Attach the listener using the components array if you want to attach it to all controllers, application wide, and make sure RequestHandler is loaded before Crud.

class AppController extends Controller
{
    public function initialize()
    {
        $this->loadComponent('RequestHandler');
        $this->loadComponent('Crud.Crud', [
            'actions' => [
                'Crud.Index',
                'Crud.View',
            ],
            'listeners' => ['CrudJsonApi.JsonApi'],
        ]);
    }
}

Alternatively, attach the listener to your controllers beforeFilter if you prefer attaching the listener to only specific controllers on the fly.

class SamplesController extends AppController
{
    public function beforeFilter(\Cake\Event\Event $event) {
        parent::beforeFilter();
        $this->Crud->addListener('CrudJsonApi.JsonApi');
    }
}

Exception Handler

The JsonApi listener overrides the Exception.renderer for jsonapi requests, so in case of an error, a standardized error will be returned, according to the JSON API specification.

Create a custom exception renderer by extending the Crud’s JsonApiExceptionRenderer class and enabling it with the exceptionRenderer configuration option.

class AppController extends Controller
{
    public function initialize()
    {
        parent::initialize();
        $this->Crud->config(['listeners.jsonApi.exceptionRenderer' => 'App\Error\JsonApiExceptionRenderer']);
    }
}

Note

The listener setting above is ignored when using CakePHP’s PSR7 middleware feature.

If you want to use CakePHP’s ErrorHandlerMiddleware:

  • make sure that you are using CakePHP 3.4+
  • set the Error.exceptionRenderer option in config/app.php to 'CrudJsonApi\Error\JsonApiExceptionRenderer' like shown below:
'Error' => [
    'errorLevel' => E_ALL,
    'exceptionRenderer' => 'CrudJsonApi\Error\JsonApiExceptionRenderer',
    'skipLog' => [],
    'log' => true,
    'trace' => true,
],

Routing

Only controllers explicitly mapped can be exposed as API resources so make sure to configure your global routing scope in config/routes.php similar to:

const API_RESOURCES = [
    'Countries',
    'Currencies',
];

Router::scope('/', function ($routes) {
    foreach (API_RESOURCES as $apiResource) {
        $routes->resources($apiResource, [
            'inflect' => 'dasherize',
        ]);
    }
});

Request detector

The JsonApi Listener adds the jsonapi request detector to your Request object which checks if the request contains a HTTP Accept header set to application/vnd.api+json and can be used like this inside your application:

if ($this->request->is('jsonapi')) {
    return 'cool, using JSON API';
}

Note

To make sure the listener won’t get in your way it will return null for all requests unless is('jsonapi') is true.

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